Kiln.



W. DRAYTON.

KILN. APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 2

9,1910. RENEWED MAR. 5, 1913.

Patented Oct. 14, 1913 6 SHEETS-*SHEET 1.

w. DRAYTON.

KILN. APPLIOATION FILED 10.29, 1910. RENEWED MAR. 5, 1013. 1,075,904.

Patented Oct. 14, 1913.

6 BHEBTSSHBET 2.

WIN/8858:

8 r M mfl n I A W. DRAY'I'ON.

KILN. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 29, 1910. nmmwnn In. 5, 1913. 1,075,904.

3 d M 4... Mm 51??! m 1w N M H j v 1M m m Jw. s 7 7;, 4 v h WITNESSES:

W. DRAYTON.

KILN. APPLICATION FILED AUG 29, 1910. RENEWED MAR. 6, 1913.

' BSHEETB-BHEBT4.

Patented Oct. 14, 1913.

ATTORNEYS WITNESSES.

W. DRAYTON. KIL N. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 29, 1910. RENEWED MAR. 5,1913.

Patented Oct. 14, 1913.

6 BHEETS-SHEET 5.

mm Q Q. a i i Q; I, KS i: i t if WIT/H8858:

W. DRAYTON.

KILN.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 29, 1910. RENEWED MAR. 5, 1913. 1,075,904.Patented Oct. 14, 1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

WITNESS'ES:

manure UNITED STATES grnu'r OFFICE.

wlLLlAM DRAY'I'oN, 0F SHAWNEE, OHIO.

' KILN.

Application filed August29, 1910, Serial No.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM DRAY'roN, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Shawnee, in the county of Perry and.v

State of Ohio, have invented anew and Improved Kiln, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

Among the principal objects which the present invention has in view are:to provide a kiln having a tunnel-like structure, constructed andarranged to convey material being handled through the said kiln bystations; to provide a plurality of platforms portably arranged to carrythe material being handled; to provide a system of seals to prevent theadmission of heat to the metal frame and rotating parts of the abovementioned platforms; to provide a plurality of portable partitionsarranged in conjunction with the above mentioned platforms to confinethe heat within certain areas; to provide a heat circulating andtransfer system whereby the heat units are utilized to the greatestadvantage; to provide an air circulating system for the kiln whereby isprevented the pocketing of air; to provide a burning system employingproducer gas fuel and means for mixing burned atmospheric air; and toprovide portable platforms having a structure adapted to resist heat ofa degree hiher than that required for the burning of the material beinghandled.

One embodiment of the present invention is disclosed in the structureillustrated in the accompanying drawings,.in which like characters ofreference denote corresponding parts in all the views, and in whiclFigure 1 is a fragmentary view in horizontal section, showing thearrangement of a portion of a kiln constructed and arranged inaccordance with the present invention; Fig. l is a fragmentary view' onsimilar plane, forming a portion of the general plan of the kiln inconjunction with that shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 1 is a continuance of theview shown in Fig. 1*; Fig. 1- is' a continuance of the view shown inFig. 1; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of a station formed inthe kiln; Fig. 3 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale and'inhorizontal section, taken on the line 33 in Fig. 2, showing theconstruction and arrangement of one of the portable platforms; Fig. 4 isa vertical cross section, taken on the line l -46; F A- 4 l; in Figs. 1,l, and l", showing the arrangement of the supporting platform andSpecification oi-Letters Patent.

579,544. Renewed March 5, 1913.

Patented Oct. 14, 1913.

Serial No. 752,254.

the tunnel kiln in conjunction with a gas producer plant and deliveryduct therefor; Fig. 5 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale, taken onthe line 55 in Fig. 1, showing the construction and arrangement of oneof the portable partitions and the filling members therefor used inconjunction with the tunnel; Fig. (3 is a detail view, on an enlargedscale and in verticalfisection, showing the construction and arrangementof a sand seal for preventing the leakage of air from the deliveryducts; Fig. 7 is a detail view, in vertical section and on an enlargedscale, of the sand seal interposed between platforms to prevent theleakage of heated air to the structural members of the platforms belowthe floor thereof; and Fig. 8 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale andin vertical section, of the heated air seal disposed in the tunnel sidesto prevent the leakage of heated air from the burning chamber of thetunnel.

The tunnel as formed according to the present invention is illustratedin Figs. 1, l, 1, and 1; the said figures are to be read together. Inpractice the tunnel is stretched out to form one continuous passage,preferably in straight extension, although this is not a necessarycondition, as results more or less advantageous may be obtained byforming the tunnel in a circle or in the form of a plurality of parallelextensions suitably connected, with the means for transferring theportable platforms or trucks at the connect ing ends of the alleys. Whenconstructed in the straight line extension the preferred arrangement is.that shown, wherein a producer gas furnace 13 is directly connected todeliver its fuel in the section marked l). The furnace 13 is of anyapproved construe lion and arrangement, and is provided with a deliveryoutlet 14, which is connected with a lateral drum 15. The drum 15 isconnccted at both ends thereof to delivery ducts 16, 16. The deliveryducts 16, 16 open into vertical passages 17, which are extended up wardabove the floor 18 of the tunnel. The vertical passages 17, may becircular in form and surrounded by a circular upturned channel 19. Thechannel 19 is of sufficient depth to contain sand, or other suitablepacking material, which is adapted to prevent the passage of heated airtherethrough. The tunnel 20 is shaped in cross section substantially asshown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, having an inner masonry wall 21 andbuttress walls 22, 22.

Between the wall 21 and the wa ls 22, 22 is disposed a. suitable tiltingmaterial a apted to prevent the radiation of heat therethrough- Disposedin the tunnel 20 and lengthwise thereof, are metal trael-rs 2t 24. Thetracks 24, 2t are mounted upon inundation piers 25, extended lengthwiseof the tunnel. The tracks 2-1, 2% are provided to support carryingwheels 26, Q6 The carrying wheels 26, fit} support the portable t ucksforming the sectional liners of the burning chambers of the kiln. Thelloors are supported on steel beams 27, 21' disoosed transversely of thetunnel and traelts 24, 24'. The

; beams 27 are su 'iported by double longitudi I-heams "l, 28, which arerested upon bearing boxes 29, 25). The bearing boxes 29, 29 providebearings for the journals of the shafts with which the wheels 26, 26 areprosided. The steel beams 21', 27 are provided with an'upward andoutward extension 30, at the outer ends whereof are mountedlongitudinally disposed side plates 31. The side plates 31 are providedat the lower ends with inverted V-shaped channels 32, 32. The channels32, 32' are slidahly extended within utters 233, 32.) fixedly mount ilon the side wall of the tunnel 2 and extel'uiled lengtlm'ise andthroughout the same. When the gutters 33, 5323 are filled with sand orother s aling material to PLQVQDl/ihfii passa e of healed air, as shownsuhstaiitially in Fig. i of the drawings, and the V-shaped channels 32are extended into the said sand, the heat which is introduced into thetunnel 20 above the floor of the said trucks is prorented from passingfrom the upper porti n of the tunnel to the lower portion thereoi whrein are (lit-spew the tracks ill and the u leturalhotly and wheels forthe trucks, as above described. it is to prevent any radiation of theheat; from the sand contained within the gutters 5513, that there areprovided the gates 34, which exclude the relatively eool air of thelower part of the uunel from contact with the surface of the sand 3placed in the said gutters 33. The \Lshaped channels 32, 32 are exposedon their upper surfaces the air. In this manner over-lieating oil themetal eomposlog the rhannehe is prevented. It will he ooserred that heair will circulate in'the ehannels so formed to the ver bottom tlfet'eohl.- l'ralniue; structures of the trucks are oi, as shown particularly inllu lraw n 's. \Vhore the 1rd their-1 rse lu-alns '27, i-t t e t-zuls olthe irurus are with dept-ruled flanges ill l :l to extend within the meal within an upwan'lly ogwir 'l'ho li-or 3% is extended from tunnel andthus prexents 1 'l'illlill between the lee:

cross section in Figs. 4 and 5 of the draw ings. The material thusprovided and supported by the trucks constitute the bed of the hurningchamber of the kiln The llCtl 39 of the kiln is provided with a seriesof duets 40, 40 extended lengthwise of the bed and opening outwardlyinto the burning 'ehamhers formed in the said tunnel. Ali-'3 bed on eachtruck is provided with a eirerlar depended funnel 41, adapted toregister with the assage 17 used for delivery of the gas fuel Irom theproducer 1 5. The tunnel 41 has mounted thereon an annular ring t), thedepended edge whereof is adapted to extend into the sand ehannel lfl toform a seal therein. The ring 12 is vertically disposed to permit thesame to be raised out of and lowered into the channel 19, when in thecourse of operation the successive trucks are moved into alineinent,with the passages 17. The passages 17, 17,'it will be understood, aredisposed only in the section of the tunnel marked D and opposite the gasprodu 'er furnace 13. It will be under end that in the operation of thisltilu the preheated air which is delivered through the ducts -3 and 54;to the duets 40, 40 ignite the gas delivered from the producer throughthe ducts p rtable see-lions thus become the kiln t'ur naoe. The bed 39prorillml with any suitable nuniher of spaces 43, 4: 3 to lighten theconstruction. The bed is also jirorided with a series of longitudinallyextended flat pas sages 4'4, 44 for promoting; the circulation of therelatively cooler air of the tunnel below the bed 39 to reduce the trm'ieraturn ol" the said bed adjarent to the steel beams 27, ii and. Aportion of the air delivered through the passages ll is earried into thechamber to assist the combustion within and through the hrirhs pile l.upon the said l tll- The lltllfi ill), 3!) are provided with lateralupwardly extended side flanges 45, The flanges 41), 45 are provided toguide any bricks or parts thereof which may tall From the stark restingupon the said beds as arranged thereon for burning. 'lhe trurlts thusconstructed are united, as slated, to torn: the supporting beds for hehrirlt sturlts 71. The hri ll's are star-ha l in any ap: proved manner,the ohjret lie. o provide a rirrulaliou thr ug'lmu the IHOIHlKEI'S inthe stark. The trurlts having the bed 39 may be. united in rouplrs orinat its oi more than two, urrord. as the shortened.

section I) of the tunnel be elongated or With reference to the formationof these sections the partition trucks are disposed. :The partitiontrucks are arranged to separate the brick carrying trucks and to formpartitions to aline with the walls of the tunnel to form longitudinalseparated chambers therein. 7

The partition trucks are mounted on wheels 46, 46 similar in allrespects to the wheels 26,.26 on the brick carrying trucks. The framingstructure of the trucks is similar. The principal difference in thetrucks is in the formation of the chamber 47 raised above the bed of thetruck. The chamber 47 is box-like in form, having a solid top 48 andsolid sides 49, 49. The end walls of the chamber 47 110 pierced to formopenings 50, 50 The openings 50, 50 permit the air from one chamber topass into the chamber 47. (See Fig. 2 of the drawings.)

Depended from the bed of the partition trucks is a funnel 51. The tunnel51 in each truck is adapted to register with the passages 52. Thepassages 52 deliver downward into a longitudinal passage 53. The passage53 is provided with distributing passages 54, 54. The distributingpassages 54, 54 deliver the air from the passage into the chambersucceeding each of the partition trucks, the air being distributed hav;ing been delivered through the partition trucks to the said passage 53.The delivery of the air througlrthe passages 54, 54 is controlled by aslide gate 55disposed at the treme of each of the passages 54. Thepassages 5-1 are raised above the floor 18 of each chamber to registerwith a funnel 56 carried on each of the brick bearing trucks. The funnel56 opens into the ducts 40. 40 in the bed 39, the air delivered from thesaid funnel 56 mixing with the gas delivered from the funnel 41. The airthus dolivered,.it will be remembered, isair which is received from thechamber in which the material which has been burned is cooling, therebyreusing the heated air given oil in the cooling radiation'formaintaining the ten'ipcrature in the burning chamber or section I). Fromeach of the sections the heated air is delivered through the funnel 51in each of the partition trucks to the next succeeding section orchamber, aiding in raising the heating temperature in the said chamber.In this manner the heat produced by the gases from the burner 13 iscarried successively backward from the section E to the chamber D andthence to sections C, B and A. The mixed air and gases are finally drawnthrough the tunnel by an exhaust fan 58. To maintain the circulattion ofair a forcing fan 57 .is provided at the opposite or delivery end of thetunnel to deliver through'a duct 59 to the passage 53.

It is desired to dry the bricks as the same prtliminary to the sameentering the burning chamber. For this purpose the passage 53 disposedat the receiving end of the tunnel and under the initial or receivingstation therein, being the section A shown in the drawings at Fig. l, isconnected by means of the passages 60, 61, 62. and (53 with the coolingstation or section E shown in the drawings at Fig. l". The heat radiatedfrom the cooling bricks delivered from the station D is mixed with theair introduced through the passages 57, 37 from the fan 57 and isdelivered to section A at the entrance end of the tunnel through thepassages 63, 62, 61, 0 and 5?), and the funnels 56, 5G in the floor ofthe said section. The heat thus delivered from the bricks leaving thetunnel is utilized for preliminarily heating the bricks being introducedinto the tunnel. The heated air and vapor drawn from the green bricks isdrawn oil by means of the fan 58 through the duct 59 and chamber 47.

It will be understood that the entire circulation of air is from thedelivery end of the tunnel to the receiving end, this circulation beinghelped out and partially induced by the fan 57 at the one end and theFan 58 at the other. The air radiated from the material being treatedwhile in the sections adjacent to the delivery end of the kiln, iscarried back aml delivered into the burning chamber or section D. Fromthe burning chamber or section I) it. is delivered through the chamber47 of the partition trucks to the next succeeding chamber. and so on,being delivered from each chamber to the next succeeding chamber untildelivered to the exhaust fan 59. At each succes h step, as it passesfrom section to section. it aids in the heating of the brick carried bythe trucks and stacked upon the beds 39, 39. By means of the slide gates55, 55 any section may be cut out or the delivery thereto controlled.

The partition trucks are constructed to freely pass through the tunnel20. The outer walls of the truck bodies are square and arrangedsubstantially as shown in Fig. 5 of the drawings. the top 48 are squaredto r ceive in batted relation the baflle plates 64, 64 and 65. Thebuttress walls 22, 22 are parted to form recesses 66, 6G to operate thebaflies (34. 64, while the baflie 65 extends above the filling The sidewalls 49 and.

&

material 23. \Vhen in the operation the partition and other trucks aremoved, the battle plates 64, (3t and are drawn away from the sides ofthe partition trot-kn to permit the same to be moved 'l reel vi When,however, the train of truelts is arrested in opposite position. tlrbattle plates 34, (ll and G5 are moved from operative position to elosethe passage, of the tunnel Ila. ing thus deserihed ni v invtiaitioni,whal elaim aa nev and desire to seeure by Letters latent is:-

l A kiln, eompriaing an elongated eon tinuous kiln tunnel having heatroislinint: wall a portable earr vin; lied disposed to more through fromend to end of said tun no, a heat generator in open eominun ew tion withaid tunnel; a plurality of portable partitions; arranged to divide thesaid tunnel into ehamher seetiona: air eirenlat in engines to move theair in aid unnel toward the material reeeivin; end at said tunnelv anda, duet in dirert'. t-ommunieathin with the ehamher seetion adjarent thre waiving and the delivery ends, of s-aid tunnel to tran -rter theheated air from the set-lion at tho (lt'|l 'FY end to the seeti n at thereeeivinn end ot said tunnel.

i\ liiln, roinprisin f an elongated eontinuouis' li'iln tunnel havingheat t-ontinin; walls: a portable rarryiu; bed embodying a plurality olseparate sorti iri llexiblv run nerted to torn: a train extended throughaid tunnel and disposed to mow l'rom end to end ol a d tunnel: a lit-atgenerator in open e-iininiunit'ation \vitli sail tunn l inter mediatethe Hills th'rreol': a plurali y t hortablr partitions arizinu'eii todivide the said unnel in rbiuiher wt lll'll l (dilating engines-1 totil-HP all in aid tuumtoward the material rev lting end o! said tunnel:and a pturalit oi doeta t'or transtrrringthe heated aii l'rrm eh un it-isew tion to l'l'iillillltt ew I u adiaza-ut in dir-ativns the tiiil ziiskiln tunnel having hea rontining tialt a portable varr lied rebodvin'j ap urality t l'1-op:ii'ate mat. its .'le ;i l v u llttlt' l :o t'orm atrain extended liil ll ifllllll the said tunnel and dispos d to naivet'roin Mill to end thereof: a heat ifjtlitiwttii' in open r mniuui ationwith aid tunnel intermediate the o ids tlieieol" a plurality til portable partitions arrauf-l'eil to divide said tuun t in t'lii 'ed ehauil-r rlt lltitl-1 air riri'ulab ivy; t'liL'llit's to naive the air in ltunnel u the maleii rt said tunnel: a pluralit t' du l 'rr irao-- e laglb:- liea ed air from t' ltltllliil' ertiwi toilamb -r set-lion adiar ntin direi-tious i't/tilllll' to t movement ol :riaterial undvr trrat meuitll tllis ex t-ib-ilil hi t when said lied and aide; ot' rtlltl tunnel opr vent the p-r-;i;

of heat from above to below said bed; and movable plates extendingbetween said portable partitions and the body of the tunnel. said platesbeing constructed and arranged to prevent the passage of heat lengthwiaesaid tunnel between said sections.

4. A kiln comprising an elongated continuous lilltt tunnel having; heatconfining walls; a portable earryiug bed embodying a plurality of parate\vheel supported truelts hav ng ea n a bed for rarrying material b inghandled, iaid trnrlts being eonneei'ed to town a train extendedthroughout the aaid tunnel and di posod to move from end to end thereof:a heat generator in open eonimunieation with said tunnel intermediatethe ends' thereof; a plurality of portable partitions arranged to dividesaid tunnel in ehamber sertion, air eirt-ulating engines to move the airin said tunnel toward the material I'Pt'ClYlllg end of said tunnelintermediate the ends; tbereot'; duets lor iran t'erring the heated airtioui ehamber sertion to ehamber seetion adjaeent in directions t'ounterto the movement of material under treatment; and mova le platesextending between said portable partit'r-ns and the bod v ol' thetunnel, aid plat s being eonstrueted and arranged to preaont the passageol. heat lengthwise aid tunnel twetween said partitionm and meansextensible betneeu the said trurlv's and aides ol said tunnel to preventthe pas age of heat t'rom aboie to below the said trurks.

3. kiln. roniprisiug an elongated renlinuous liiln tunnel having hadrontiuiug kills; a portable earrving" bed embodying a plurality ofseparate \vheel supported trut-lts l'iltll having a bed for rarrying niatorial being handled; mid truelts being eoune ted to torni a trainextended throughout the said tunnel and dispoaed to move from end to endther ot'; a gas prrahn-t-r heat ,g'eir orator in open ttn lllltiiilttltlwith said tun wt to d liver gas l'or combustion in said tuiinrl; apluialirv of portable partitions arrang d to di\idithe V dd trwnel in(hamher st tionair rireulating iagines to move the air in said ti :oieltoward the material rev lving eial ot aid tunnel; a plurality olit: tstor iranter iug the heated air from rhaio .-er t eetio'i to ihaniberwet-lion adjaeent in dirertions ronnter to the movement of the materialunder treatment; meam extensible lietviaen tlu said truelvs and FltttSof said tunnel to prevent the pas--iage of heat from above to below thesaid truel 1; and movable plates mitending betruau said portable paw titns and the body ot the tunnel, said p ates being" onslrurted andarranged o prevent th paswge ot' heat lengthwise said tunnel liet\\t *lisaid partitions.

i\ l iln eom rising a tunnel. a plurali y of portable partition? l'ormedto rloia the s-iid tunnel and dispostd trausverwtv there- 21 .1uhzmuvlss; and a plurality chiiHI'K-"Wi partition members am-i1 mmmawlon a sh of said carriers admmxt staid \jhzmimh; and extending within 1mid chanmis and bedded in thc heat nonwmhmiing; material (herein. 9. Ina. kiln .smuprising an dongu'ted con- 4: nuns iunneL (:rul'ivrs movablei 1 said tun-- m a sun! in pmx'mit tlw heat in the upper H: M mid tunnelpnsaiug: halo-w said car- 1:: 5, comprising a plmuiity of mm 1110115(thannols. extended from Lhe VRHE of said lnn'ml; a suitable heatnun-vonducting mm halia? fining grid (r'nznmds; a. plurality of inmi'wlrl a'imm-ivfl pzuhtmn mcmb-srs 61ml] side of said mrrwrs adjacent mni\ixuvu'i'mg within sm i Mail 1rd m the Mai non-con" and 2*. Hi?

mi; to 0L v 2* 23! Chamois BET. l. Mammal, wavy/am; V. 1

